UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Samanya Hindi काव्यांजलि Chapter 2 सूरदास

 

UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Samanya Hindi काव्यांजलि Chapter 2 सूरदास

कवि का साहित्यिक परिवय और कृतियाँ

प्रश्न 1.
सूरदास का जीवन-परिचय देते हुए उनकी कृतियों पर प्रकाश डालिए।
या
‘सूरदास का जीवन-परिचय तथा साहित्यिक प्रदेय लिखिए।
या
सूरदास का साहित्यिक परिचय लिखते हुए उनकी कृतियों का उल्लेख कीजिए।

गोवर्धन के निकट पारसौली ग्राम में इनकी मृत्यु संवत् 1640 (सन् 1583 ई०) में हुई। कहते हैं कि मृत्यु के समय इन्होंने यह पद गाकर प्राण त्यागे—‘खंजन नैन रूप रस माते।’
साहित्यिक सेवाएँ-सूरदास ने भगवान् के लोकरंजक (संसार को आनन्दित करने वाले) रूप को लेकर उनकी लीलाओं का गायन किया है। वल्लभाचार्य जी के शिष्य बनने से पहले सूर विनय के पद गाया करते थे, जिनमें दास्य भाव की प्रधानता थी। इनमें अपनी दीनता और भगवान् की महत्ता का वर्णन रहता था—
(क) मो सम कौन कुटिल खल कामी।
(ख) हरि मैं सब पतितन को राऊ।

किन्तु पुष्टिमार्ग में दीक्षित होने के उपरान्त मूर ने विनय के पद गाने के स्थान पर कृष्ण की बाल्यावस्था और किशोरावस्था की लीलाओं का बड़ा हृदयहारी गायन किया।

साहित्य में स्थान-सूरदास के कृतित्व और महत्त्व की अनेक प्रशस्तियों से हिन्दी-साहित्य भरा पड़ा है

सूर सूर तुलसी ससी, उडुगन केशवदास ।
अब के कवि खद्योत सम, जहँ तहँ करत प्रकास ॥

यदि इसे अतिशयोक्ति भी मानें तो कम-से-कम इतना तो नि:संकोच कहा ही जा सकता है कि तुलसी के समान व्यापक काव्यक्षेत्र न चुनने पर भी सूर ने अपने सीमित क्षेत्र वात्सल्य और श्रृंगार का कोई कोना ऐसा न छोड़ा, जो उनके संचरण से अछूता रह गया हो। वे निर्विवाद रूप से वात्सल्य और शृंगार रस के सम्राट् हैं।

Board Paper of Class 10 Hindi (A) Term-I 2021 Delhi(SET 4)

 सामान्य निर्देश : 

निम्नलिखित निर्देशों को बहुत सावधानी से पढ़िए और उनका पूरी तरह से पालन कीजिए :
(i) इस प्रश्न-पत्र में कुल 54 प्रश्न दिये गए हैं जिनमें से केवल 40 प्रश्नों के उत्तर देने हैं।
(ii) सभी प्रश्न समान अंक के हैं।
(iii) प्रश्न-पत्र में तीन खंड हैं - खंड - क, ख और ग।
(iv) खंड-क में 20 प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। प्रश्न संख्या 1 से 20 में से 10 प्रश्नों के उत्तर निर्देशानुसार देने हैं।
(v) खंड-ख में 20 प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। प्रश्न संख्या 21 से 40 में से 16 प्रश्नों के उत्तर निर्देशानुसार देने हैं।
(vi) खंड-ग में 14 प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। प्रश्न संख्या 41 से 54 तक सभी प्रश्नों के उत्तर निर्देशानुसार देने हैं।
(vii) प्रत्येक खंड में निर्देशानुसार परीक्षार्थियों द्वारा पहले उत्तर किए गए वांछित प्रश्नों का ही मूल्यांकन किया जाएगा।
(viii) प्रत्येक प्रश्न के लिए केवल एक ही सही विकल्प है । एक विकल्प से अधिक उत्तर देने पर अंक नहीं दिये जाएंगे।
(ix) ऋणात्मक अंकन नहीं होगा।

• Question 1
  बहुत से विद्वानों और चिंतकों ने इस बात को लेकर चिंता प्रकट की है कि भारतीय समाज आधुनिकता से बहुत दूर है और भारत के लोग अपने आप को आधुनिक बनाने की कोशिश भी नहीं कर रहे हैं।
  नैतिकता, सौंन्दर्यबोध और अध्यात्म के समान आधुनिकता कोई शाश्वत मूल्य नहीं है। वह कई चीजों का एक सम्मिलित नाम है। औद्योगीकरण आधुनिकता की पहचान है। साक्षरता का सर्वव्यापी प्रसार आधुनिकता की सूचना देता है। नगर-सभ्यता का प्राधान्य आधुनिकता का गुण है। सीधी-सादी अर्थव्यवस्था मध्यकालीनता का लक्षण है। आधुनिक देश वह है, जिसकी अर्थव्यवस्था जटिल और प्रसरणशील हो और जो ‘टेक-ऑफ’ की स्थिति को पार कर चुकी हो।
  आधुनिक समाज मुक्त और मद्यकालीन समाज बंद होता है। बंद समाज वह है जो अन्य समाजों से प्रभाव ग्रहण नहीं करता, जो अपने सदस्यों को भी धन या संस्कृति की दीर्घा में पर उठने की खुली छूट नदीं देता, जो जाति-प्रथा और गोत्रवाद से पीड़ीत है, जो अंधविश्वासी, गतानुगतिक और संकीर्ण है।
  आधुनिक समाज में उन्मुक्ता होती है। उस समाज के लोग अन्य समाजों के लोगों से मिलने-जुलने में नहीं घबराते, न वे उन्नति का मार्ग खास जातियों और खास गोत्रों के लिए सीमित रखते हैं। आधुनिक समाज सामरिक दृष्टि से बी बलवान समाज होता है। जो देश अपनी रक्षा के लिए भी लड़ने में असमर्थ है, उसे आधुनिक कहलाने का कोई अधिकार नहीं है। आधुनिक समाज के लोग आलसी और निकम्मे नहीं होते। आधुनिक समाज का एक लक्षण यह बी है कि उसकी हर आदमी के पीछे होने वाली आय अधिक होती है, उसके हर आदमी के पास कोई धंधा या काम होता है और अवकाश की शिकायत प्रायः हर एक को रहती है।
  
  गद्यांश के आधार पर सही तथ्य को चुनिए।
  (a) आधुनिक समाज मुक्त तथा मध्यकालीन समाज खुला होता है।
  (b) आधुनिक समाज बंद तथा मध्यकालीन समाज मुक्त होता है।
  (c) आधुनिक समाज मुक्त तथा मध्यकालीन समाज बंद होता है।
  (d) आधुनिक समाज उन्मुक्त तथा मध्यकालीन समाज जड़ होता है।VIEW SOLUTION

• Question 2
  बहुत से विद्वानों और चिंतकों ने इस बात को लेकर चिंता प्रकट की है कि भारतीय समाज आधुनिकता से बहुत दूर है और भारत के लोग अपने आप को आधुनिक बनाने की कोशिश भी नहीं कर रहे हैं।
  नैतिकता, सौंन्दर्यबोध और अध्यात्म के समान आधुनिकता कोई शाश्वत मूल्य नहीं है। वह कई चीजों का एक सम्मिलित नाम है। औद्योगीकरण आधुनिकता की पहचान है। साक्षरता का सर्वव्यापी प्रसार आधुनिकता की सूचना देता है। नगर-सभ्यता का प्राधान्य आधुनिकता का गुण है। सीधी-सादी अर्थव्यवस्था मध्यकालीनता का लक्षण है। आधुनिक देश वह है, जिसकी अर्थव्यवस्था जटिल और प्रसरणशील हो और जो ‘टेक-ऑफ’ की स्थिति को पार कर चुकी हो।
  आधुनिक समाज मुक्त और मद्यकालीन समाज बंद होता है। बंद समाज वह है जो अन्य समाजों से प्रभाव ग्रहण नहीं करता, जो अपने सदस्यों को भी धन या संस्कृति की दीर्घा में पर उठने की खुली छूट नदीं देता, जो जाति-प्रथा और गोत्रवाद से पीड़ीत है, जो अंधविश्वासी, गतानुगतिक और संकीर्ण है।
  आधुनिक समाज में उन्मुक्ता होती है। उस समाज के लोग अन्य समाजों के लोगों से मिलने-जुलने में नहीं घबराते, न वे उन्नति का मार्ग खास जातियों और खास गोत्रों के लिए सीमित रखते हैं। आधुनिक समाज सामरिक दृष्टि से बी बलवान समाज होता है। जो देश अपनी रक्षा के लिए भी लड़ने में असमर्थ है, उसे आधुनिक कहलाने का कोई अधिकार नहीं है। आधुनिक समाज के लोग आलसी और निकम्मे नहीं होते। आधुनिक समाज का एक लक्षण यह बी है कि उसकी हर आदमी के पीछे होने वाली आय अधिक होती है, उसके हर आदमी के पास कोई धंधा या काम होता है और अवकाश की शिकायत प्रायः हर एक को रहती है।

  शाश्वत मूल्यों में शामिल हैं –
  (a) नैतिकता, सौंदर्यबोध और अध्यात्म
  (b) नैतिकता, सौंदर्यबोध और आधुनिकता
  (c) नैतिकता, अध्यात्म और आधुनिकता
  (d) सौंदर्यबोध, अध्यात्म और आधुनिकता

  VIEW SOLUTION

• Question 3
  बहुत से विद्वानों और चिंतकों ने इस बात को लेकर चिंता प्रकट की है कि भारतीय समाज आधुनिकता से बहुत दूर है और भारत के लोग अपने आप को आधुनिक बनाने की कोशिश भी नहीं कर रहे हैं।
  नैतिकता, सौंन्दर्यबोध और अध्यात्म के समान आधुनिकता कोई शाश्वत मूल्य नहीं है। वह कई चीजों का एक सम्मिलित नाम है। औद्योगीकरण आधुनिकता की पहचान है। साक्षरता का सर्वव्यापी प्रसार आधुनिकता की सूचना देता है। नगर-सभ्यता का प्राधान्य आधुनिकता का गुण है। सीधी-सादी अर्थव्यवस्था मध्यकालीनता का लक्षण है। आधुनिक देश वह है, जिसकी अर्थव्यवस्था जटिल और प्रसरणशील हो और जो ‘टेक-ऑफ’ की स्थिति को पार कर चुकी हो।
  आधुनिक समाज मुक्त और मद्यकालीन समाज बंद होता है। बंद समाज वह है जो अन्य समाजों से प्रभाव ग्रहण नहीं करता, जो अपने सदस्यों को भी धन या संस्कृति की दीर्घा में पर उठने की खुली छूट नदीं देता, जो जाति-प्रथा और गोत्रवाद से पीड़ीत है, जो अंधविश्वासी, गतानुगतिक और संकीर्ण है।
  आधुनिक समाज में उन्मुक्ता होती है। उस समाज के लोग अन्य समाजों के लोगों से मिलने-जुलने में नहीं घबराते, न वे उन्नति का मार्ग खास जातियों और खास गोत्रों के लिए सीमित रखते हैं। आधुनिक समाज सामरिक दृष्टि से बी बलवान समाज होता है। जो देश अपनी रक्षा के लिए भी लड़ने में असमर्थ है, उसे आधुनिक कहलाने का कोई अधिकार नहीं है। आधुनिक समाज के लोग आलसी और निकम्मे नहीं होते। आधुनिक समाज का एक लक्षण यह बी है कि उसकी हर आदमी के पीछे होने वाली आय अधिक होती है, उसके हर आदमी के पास कोई धंधा या काम होता है और अवकाश की शिकायत प्रायः हर एक को रहती है।
  
  विद्वानों और चिंतकों ने किस बात के चिंता व्यक्त की है?
  (a) भारतीय समाज से आधुनिकता अभी बहुत दूर है।
  (b) भारतीय समाज से न सिर्फ आधुनिकता दूर है बल्कि उसको लाने के प्रयास भी नहीं हो रहे।
  (c) भारतीय समाज एक पांरपरिक समाज है जिसमें आधुनिकता अभी नहीं आ सकेगी।
  (d) वैसे तो भारतीय समाज से आधुनिकता दूर हैं पर उसे जाने के प्रयास अवश्य हो रहे हैं।VIEW SOLUTION

• Question 4

  बहुत से विद्वानों और चिंतकों ने इस बात को लेकर चिंता प्रकट की है कि भारतीय समाज आधुनिकता से बहुत दूर है और भारत के लोग अपने आप को आधुनिक बनाने की कोशिश भी नहीं कर रहे हैं।
  नैतिकता, सौंन्दर्यबोध और अध्यात्म के समान आधुनिकता कोई शाश्वत मूल्य नहीं है। वह कई चीजों का एक सम्मिलित नाम है। औद्योगीकरण आधुनिकता की पहचान है। साक्षरता का सर्वव्यापी प्रसार आधुनिकता की सूचना देता है। नगर-सभ्यता का प्राधान्य आधुनिकता का गुण है। सीधी-सादी अर्थव्यवस्था मध्यकालीनता का लक्षण है। आधुनिक देश वह है, जिसकी अर्थव्यवस्था जटिल और प्रसरणशील हो और जो ‘टेक-ऑफ’ की स्थिति को पार कर चुकी हो।
  आधुनिक समाज मुक्त और मद्यकालीन समाज बंद होता है। बंद समाज वह है जो अन्य समाजों से प्रभाव ग्रहण नहीं करता, जो अपने सदस्यों को भी धन या संस्कृति की दीर्घा में पर उठने की खुली छूट नदीं देता, जो जाति-प्रथा और गोत्रवाद से पीड़ीत है, जो अंधविश्वासी, गतानुगतिक और संकीर्ण है।
  आधुनिक समाज में उन्मुक्ता होती है। उस समाज के लोग अन्य समाजों के लोगों से मिलने-जुलने में नहीं घबराते, न वे उन्नति का मार्ग खास जातियों और खास गोत्रों के लिए सीमित रखते हैं। आधुनिक समाज सामरिक दृष्टि से बी बलवान समाज होता है। जो देश अपनी रक्षा के लिए भी लड़ने में असमर्थ है, उसे आधुनिक कहलाने का कोई अधिकार नहीं है। आधुनिक समाज के लोग आलसी और निकम्मे नहीं होते। आधुनिक समाज का एक लक्षण यह बी है कि उसकी हर आदमी के पीछे होने वाली आय अधिक होती है, उसके हर आदमी के पास कोई धंधा या काम होता है और अवकाश की शिकायत प्रायः हर एक को रहती है।
  
  आधुनिक समाज की विशिष्टताओं में शामिल है –
  (क) उन्मुक्तता 
  (ख) सामरिक बल
  (ग) आलस्य
  उपरोक्त विकल्पों के आधार पर निम्नलिखित विकल्पों में सही विकल्प का चयन कीजिए:
  (a) (क), (ख) और (ग) तीनों
  (b) (क) और (ग)
  (c) (ख) और (ग)
  (d) (ख) और (क)

  VIEW SOLUTION

• Question 5
  बहुत से विद्वानों और चिंतकों ने इस बात को लेकर चिंता प्रकट की है कि भारतीय समाज आधुनिकता से बहुत दूर है और भारत के लोग अपने आप को आधुनिक बनाने की कोशिश भी नहीं कर रहे हैं।
  नैतिकता, सौंन्दर्यबोध और अध्यात्म के समान आधुनिकता कोई शाश्वत मूल्य नहीं है। वह कई चीजों का एक सम्मिलित नाम है। औद्योगीकरण आधुनिकता की पहचान है। साक्षरता का सर्वव्यापी प्रसार आधुनिकता की सूचना देता है। नगर-सभ्यता का प्राधान्य आधुनिकता का गुण है। सीधी-सादी अर्थव्यवस्था मध्यकालीनता का लक्षण है। आधुनिक देश वह है, जिसकी अर्थव्यवस्था जटिल और प्रसरणशील हो और जो ‘टेक-ऑफ’ की स्थिति को पार कर चुकी हो।
  आधुनिक समाज मुक्त और मद्यकालीन समाज बंद होता है। बंद समाज वह है जो अन्य समाजों से प्रभाव ग्रहण नहीं करता, जो अपने सदस्यों को भी धन या संस्कृति की दीर्घा में पर उठने की खुली छूट नदीं देता, जो जाति-प्रथा और गोत्रवाद से पीड़ीत है, जो अंधविश्वासी, गतानुगतिक और संकीर्ण है।
  आधुनिक समाज में उन्मुक्ता होती है। उस समाज के लोग अन्य समाजों के लोगों से मिलने-जुलने में नहीं घबराते, न वे उन्नति का मार्ग खास जातियों और खास गोत्रों के लिए सीमित रखते हैं। आधुनिक समाज सामरिक दृष्टि से बी बलवान समाज होता है। जो देश अपनी रक्षा के लिए भी लड़ने में असमर्थ है, उसे आधुनिक कहलाने का कोई अधिकार नहीं है। आधुनिक समाज के लोग आलसी और निकम्मे नहीं होते। आधुनिक समाज का एक लक्षण यह बी है कि उसकी हर आदमी के पीछे होने वाली आय अधिक होती है, उसके हर आदमी के पास कोई धंधा या काम होता है और अवकाश की शिकायत प्रायः हर एक को रहती है।
  
  एक बंद समाज की विशेषताओं में किसे नहीं रखा जाएगा?
  (a) अन्य समाजों से प्रभाव ग्रहण नहीं करना।
  (b) जाति-प्रथा ओर गोत्रवाद से  पीड़ित रहना।
  (c) धन या संस्कृति के क्षेत्र में खुलि छूट देना।
  (d) अंधविश्वासी, पिछड़ा और संकीर्ण होना।VIEW SOLUTION

• Question 6
  बंगाल की शस्य-श्यामला धरती का सौंदर्य अविस्मरणीय है। इसके मनोहर और उन्मुक्त सौंदर्य को प्रतिभाशाली रचनाकार अपने गीतों, निबंधों और कविताओं में बाँधने की कोशिश करते रहते हैं लेकिन इसके मायावी और लोकोत्तर आकर्षण का रंच मात्र ही वे रूपायित करने में सफल हो पाए हैं । अविभाजित बंगाल का सौंदर्य किसी भी संवेदनशील मस्तिष्क के भीतर हलचल पैदा कर सकता है। चाँदी सी चमकती मीलो लंबी नहरों और नदियों के बीच पन्नों की तरह चमकते हरे-भरे खेतों के चित्र संवेदनशील मन को अपूर्व आनंद से भर देते हैं। हरे-भरे खेतों में पके दानों की लहलहाती सुनहरी फसल, हवा में फुसफुसाते लंबे ताड़ के वृक्ष और साल की पत्तियों की बहती हुई मंद-मंद हवा, कंचनजंघा के उत्तंग शिखर, सुंदरवन के घने जंगल, दीघा के सुंदर रेतीले समुद्र तट और उत्तर बंगाल के हरे-भरे चाय के बागानआँखों में रचे बसे रहते हैं । प्राकृतिक छाटाओं से भरी-पूरी यह धरती युगों से महान लेखकों, कवियों और कलाकारों को  प्रेरित करती रही है । इस अनोखे वरदान के केवल वही पात्र हैं जिन्हें इस धरती पर पैदा होने का सौभाग्य मिला है अथवा वे हैं जो अविभाजित बंगाल में रह चुके हैं।
  
  किसी संवेदनशील मन को अपूर्व आनंद से भर देते हैं?
  (a) नदियों , नहरों और खेतों के चित्र
  (b) नदियों, समुद्रों और हीरे-पन्ने के दृश्य
  (c) चाँदी की चमक और पन्नों की हरियाली
  (d) फसलों और पेड़ों के मिले-जुले दृश्यVIEW SOLUTION

• Question 7
  बंगाल की शस्य-श्यामला धरती का सौंदर्य अविस्मरणीय है। इसके मनोहर और उन्मुक्त सौंदर्य को प्रतिभाशाली रचनाकार अपने गीतों, निबंधों और कविताओं में बाँधने की कोशिश करते रहते हैं लेकिन इसके मायावी और लोकोत्तर आकर्षण का रंच मात्र ही वे रूपायित करने में सफल हो पाए हैं । अविभाजित बंगाल का सौंदर्य किसी भी संवेदनशील मस्तिष्क के भीतर हलचल पैदा कर सकता है। चाँदी सी चमकती मीलो लंबी नहरों और नदियों के बीच पन्नों की तरह चमकते हरे-भरे खेतों के चित्र संवेदनशील मन को अपूर्व आनंद से भर देते हैं। हरे-भरे खेतों में पके दानों की लहलहाती सुनहरी फसल, हवा में फुसफुसाते लंबे ताड़ के वृक्ष और साल की पत्तियों की बहती हुई मंद-मंद हवा, कंचनजंघा के उत्तंग शिखर, सुंदरवन के घने जंगल, दीघा के सुंदर रेतीले समुद्र तट और उत्तर बंगाल के हरे-भरे चाय के बागानआँखों में रचे बसे रहते हैं । प्राकृतिक छाटाओं से भरी-पूरी यह धरती युगों से महान लेखकों, कवियों और कलाकारों को  प्रेरित करती रही है । इस अनोखे वरदान के केवल वही पात्र हैं जिन्हें इस धरती पर पैदा होने का सौभाग्य मिला है अथवा वे हैं जो अविभाजित बंगाल में रह चुके हैं।
  
  लेखक की दृष्टि में बंगाल की शस्य-श्यामला धरती का सौंदर्य कैसा नहीं है?
  (a) अविस्मरणीय
  (b) मायावी
  (c) आकर्षण
  (d) असामान्यVIEW SOLUTION
• 
  

Board Paper of Class 10 English (Lang. and Lit.) Term-I 2021 Delhi(SET 4)

 

• Question 1
  Read the passage given below and answer the questions/complete the statements that follow by choosing the correct options from the given ones:
  1. Some teenagers live in a world of their own. Various causes can be found for this state of affairs, but the first in importance is clearly the lack of parental authority in the home. This depended, more than a century ago, upon the convention of the husband being master in his own house. The wife gave him formal obedience, realising that upon this dependent her authority, in turn, over the children. She was likely to see much more of them and her own efforts to maintain discipline might thus be weakened by familiarity. It was always her best plan, therefore, to fall back on the authority of an absent husband, saying, 'Your father has forbidden it,' often with the inference that she herself would have been more indulgent. It was only by accepting her husband's sway that she could gain obedience from the young. The decision might be hers but the unpopularity was his, the more easily borne in that he might not be there. To precepts about subordination she thus added the potent force of is example. Children and servants were in this way taught to  know their place.
  
  2. In the twentieth century children became fewer and the feminist revolt was the result. With discipline no longer the chief problem, the pattern of the family life underwent change. Granted a small number of children carefully spaced out, there might, it was thought, be time to reason with them. There might even be time to read books on child psychology. Father's word had no longer the authority of holy writ and given the Bible itself was relegated to a high shelf quite unsuitable for the young. Why should women access their subordinate role? Why indeed? With some hesitation their claim to equality was conceded. Among the intelligent there would henceforth be an easier relationship, a more than causal comradeship and co-operation with love to take the place of fear. Married women and retained their identity and some of them even pursued separate careers; and most men welcomed the change, readily dropping their role of infallible tyrant in the home.
  
  3. What people were slow to observe was that the emancipation of the wife destroyed the parent's authority over the children. The mother did not exemplify the obedience upon which she still tried to insist. There was more room now for disagreement between to parents, enabling the child to appeal from one to the other, eventually ignoring both. In bringing the man down from his pedestal the wife and mother deprived herself, in fact, of the means of discipline.
  
  The title of this passage could be:
  (a) Who is Responsible for Indiscipline Among Children?
  (b) Collapse of Discipline at Home
  (c) Place of Children and Servants at Home
  (d) Child PsychologyVIEW SOLUTION

• Question 2
  Read the passage given below and answer the questions/complete the statements that follow by choosing the correct options from the given ones:
  1. Some teenagers live in a world of their own. Various causes can be found for this state of affairs, but the first in importance is clearly the lack of parental authority in the home. This depended, more than a century ago, upon the convention of the husband being master in his own house. The wife gave him formal obedience, realising that upon this dependent her authority, in turn, over the children. She was likely to see much more of them and her own efforts to maintain discipline might thus be weakened by familiarity. It was always her best plan, therefore, to fall back on the authority of an absent husband, saying, 'Your father has forbidden it,' often with the inference that she herself would have been more indulgent. It was only by accepting her husband's sway that she could gain obedience from the young. The decision might be hers but the unpopularity was his, the more easily borne in that he might not be there. To precepts about subordination she thus added the potent force of is example. Children and servants were in this way taught to  know their place.
  
  2. In the twentieth century children became fewer and the feminist revolt was the result. With discipline no longer the chief problem, the pattern of the family life underwent change. Granted a small number of children carefully spaced out, there might, it was thought, be time to reason with them. There might even be time to read books on child psychology. Father's word had no longer the authority of holy writ and given the Bible itself was relegated to a high shelf quite unsuitable for the young. Why should women access their subordinate role? Why indeed? With some hesitation their claim to equality was conceded. Among the intelligent there would henceforth be an easier relationship, a more than causal comradeship and co-operation with love to take the place of fear. Married women and retained their identity and some of them even pursued separate careers; and most men welcomed the change, readily dropping their role of infallible tyrant in the home.
  
  3. What people were slow to observe was that the emancipation of the wife destroyed the parent's authority over the children. The mother did not exemplify the obedience upon which she still tried to insist. There was more room now for disagreement between to parents, enabling the child to appeal from one to the other, eventually ignoring both. In bringing the man down from his pedestal the wife and mother deprived herself, in fact, of the means of discipline.
  
  The writer:
  (a) seems to be a male chauvinist pig/an arrogant person.
  (b) takes a light-hearted approach to life.
  (c) is a disgruntled husband.
  (d) has his family's welfare at his heart.VIEW SOLUTION

• Question 3
  Read the passage given below and answer the questions/complete the statements that follow by choosing the correct options from the given ones:
  1. Some teenagers live in a world of their own. Various causes can be found for this state of affairs, but the first in importance is clearly the lack of parental authority in the home. This depended, more than a century ago, upon the convention of the husband being master in his own house. The wife gave him formal obedience, realising that upon this dependent her authority, in turn, over the children. She was likely to see much more of them and her own efforts to maintain discipline might thus be weakened by familiarity. It was always her best plan, therefore, to fall back on the authority of an absent husband, saying, 'Your father has forbidden it,' often with the inference that she herself would have been more indulgent. It was only by accepting her husband's sway that she could gain obedience from the young. The decision might be hers but the unpopularity was his, the more easily borne in that he might not be there. To precepts about subordination she thus added the potent force of is example. Children and servants were in this way taught to  know their place.
  
  2. In the twentieth century children became fewer and the feminist revolt was the result. With discipline no longer the chief problem, the pattern of the family life underwent change. Granted a small number of children carefully spaced out, there might, it was thought, be time to reason with them. There might even be time to read books on child psychology. Father's word had no longer the authority of holy writ and given the Bible itself was relegated to a high shelf quite unsuitable for the young. Why should women access their subordinate role? Why indeed? With some hesitation their claim to equality was conceded. Among the intelligent there would henceforth be an easier relationship, a more than causal comradeship and co-operation with love to take the place of fear. Married women and retained their identity and some of them even pursued separate careers; and most men welcomed the change, readily dropping their role of infallible tyrant in the home.
  
  3. What people were slow to observe was that the emancipation of the wife destroyed the parent's authority over the children. The mother did not exemplify the obedience upon which she still tried to insist. There was more room now for disagreement between to parents, enabling the child to appeal from one to the other, eventually ignoring both. In bringing the man down from his pedestal the wife and mother deprived herself, in fact, of the means of discipline.
  
  Earlier, a wife was obedient to her husband:
  (a) so that she could discipline her children.
  (b) so that she could control her entire household.
  (c) as he was the bread winner.
  (d) as men as physically stronger than women.VIEW SOLUTION

• Question 4
  Read the passage given below and answer the questions/complete the statements that follow by choosing the correct options from the given ones:
  1. Some teenagers live in a world of their own. Various causes can be found for this state of affairs, but the first in importance is clearly the lack of parental authority in the home. This depended, more than a century ago, upon the convention of the husband being master in his own house. The wife gave him formal obedience, realising that upon this dependent her authority, in turn, over the children. She was likely to see much more of them and her own efforts to maintain discipline might thus be weakened by familiarity. It was always her best plan, therefore, to fall back on the authority of an absent husband, saying, 'Your father has forbidden it,' often with the inference that she herself would have been more indulgent. It was only by accepting her husband's sway that she could gain obedience from the young. The decision might be hers but the unpopularity was his, the more easily borne in that he might not be there. To precepts about subordination she thus added the potent force of is example. Children and servants were in this way taught to  know their place.
  
  2. In the twentieth century children became fewer and the feminist revolt was the result. With discipline no longer the chief problem, the pattern of the family life underwent change. Granted a small number of children carefully spaced out, there might, it was thought, be time to reason with them. There might even be time to read books on child psychology. Father's word had no longer the authority of holy writ and given the Bible itself was relegated to a high shelf quite unsuitable for the young. Why should women access their subordinate role? Why indeed? With some hesitation their claim to equality was conceded. Among the intelligent there would henceforth be an easier relationship, a more than causal comradeship and co-operation with love to take the place of fear. Married women and retained their identity and some of them even pursued separate careers; and most men welcomed the change, readily dropping their role of infallible tyrant in the home.
  
  3. What people were slow to observe was that the emancipation of the wife destroyed the parent's authority over the children. The mother did not exemplify the obedience upon which she still tried to insist. There was more room now for disagreement between to parents, enabling the child to appeal from one to the other, eventually ignoring both. In bringing the man down from his pedestal the wife and mother deprived herself, in fact, of the means of discipline.
  
  Study the following statements:
  (i) Mother spent most of her time at home.
  (ii) Element of familiarity decreased her control over her children.
  Choose the correct option:
  (a) Only (i) is true and represents an assertion.
  (b) (ii) is false and follows the assertion in (i).
  (c) (i) is false, but represents an assertion.
  (d) (ii) is true and follows the assertion in (i).VIEW SOLUTION

• Question 5
  Read the passage given below and answer the questions/complete the statements that follow by choosing the correct options from the given ones:
  1. Some teenagers live in a world of their own. Various causes can be found for this state of affairs, but the first in importance is clearly the lack of parental authority in the home. This depended, more than a century ago, upon the convention of the husband being master in his own house. The wife gave him formal obedience, realising that upon this dependent her authority, in turn, over the children. She was likely to see much more of them and her own efforts to maintain discipline might thus be weakened by familiarity. It was always her best plan, therefore, to fall back on the authority of an absent husband, saying, 'Your father has forbidden it,' often with the inference that she herself would have been more indulgent. It was only by accepting her husband's sway that she could gain obedience from the young. The decision might be hers but the unpopularity was his, the more easily borne in that he might not be there. To precepts about subordination she thus added the potent force of is example. Children and servants were in this way taught to  know their place.
  
  2. In the twentieth century children became fewer and the feminist revolt was the result. With discipline no longer the chief problem, the pattern of the family life underwent change. Granted a small number of children carefully spaced out, there might, it was thought, be time to reason with them. There might even be time to read books on child psychology. Father's word had no longer the authority of holy writ and given the Bible itself was relegated to a high shelf quite unsuitable for the young. Why should women access their subordinate role? Why indeed? With some hesitation their claim to equality was conceded. Among the intelligent there would henceforth be an easier relationship, a more than causal comradeship and co-operation with love to take the place of fear. Married women and retained their identity and some of them even pursued separate careers; and most men welcomed the change, readily dropping their role of infallible tyrant in the home.
  
  3. What people were slow to observe was that the emancipation of the wife destroyed the parent's authority over the children. The mother did not exemplify the obedience upon which she still tried to insist. There was more room now for disagreement between to parents, enabling the child to appeal from one to the other, eventually ignoring both. In bringing the man down from his pedestal the wife and mother deprived herself, in fact, of the means of discipline.
  
  
  Study the following statements:
  (i) Wife asserted her authority through her husband.
  (ii) Firm steps were taken by the wife in the name of her husband.
  (iii) Wife made the decision and the husband took the blame.
  
  Choose the correct option:
  (a) (i) and (ii) are true and (iii) is false.
  (b) (ii) and (iii) are true and (i) is false.
  (c) (iii) is true and follows the assertion in (ii).
  (d) (i) is true and follows the assertion in (iii).VIEW SOLUTION

 

Tr Jain Vk Ohri 2019 for Class 11 Commerce Economics Chapter 1 - Concept Of Economics And Significance Of Statistics In Economics

Page No 4:

Question 1:

How would you distinguish between economic activity and non-economic activity? Draw a list of economic and non-economic activities of your family members. Give logical reasoning in support of your answer.

ANSWER:

 

Basis	Economic Activity	Non-Economic Activity
1. Definition	Any activity which is carried out using scarce resources is called economic activity.	Any activity which is carried out without using scarce resources is called non-economic activity.
2. Market Value	These activities have market value.	These activities do not have market value.
3. Money Measurement	These activities can be measured in terms of money.	These activities cannot be measured in terms of money.

Economic and non-economic activities are listed below.

Economic activities:
1. Services of a maid
2. Vegetables purchased by mother
3. Dad working in the office
4. Mother making snacks for sale

All the above activities involve the use of scarce resources for carrying out production, consumption, saving, investment, etc and are undertaken with the aim of monetary gain. Thus, these activities are called economic activities.

Non-economic activities: 
1. Mother teaching her son   
2. Contribution to charity 
3. Watching movie in the house
4. Food prepared by mother for self consumption
  
The above mentioned activities are concerned with psychological needs and cannot be measured in terms of money. Hence, these activities are regarded as non economic activities.

         

Page No 7:

Question 1:

List five examples each of 'data which are Statistics', and 'data which are not Statistics'. Information should be related to the performance of your school in sports and academics.

ANSWER:

Data which are not statistics		Data which are statistics
1.	Sachin scored 59 in an inning.	1.	Over the last 10 innings Sachin scored more than 50 in 3 innings.
2.	Rohan took 5 wickets in a match.	2.	Over the last 10 matches Rohan took 5 wickets in an inning 3 times.
3.	Vijay got 45 marks in English.	3.	Average height of 6 basket ball players is  5.9 feet.
4.	Rohan made 5 goals in a match.	4.	Our School won 5 times in last 7 matches.
5.	Sushma aims to get 90% in class 12th.	5.	10 student of class 12th scored more than 90%.

Page No 10:

Question 1:

Write five examples each of 'quantitative variables' and 'qualitative variables'. Quantitative variables should be the well known terms of Economics, like production of wheat in India over the last 10 years.

ANSWER:

Quantitative Variable		Qualitative Variables
1.	National Income	1.	Complexion
2.	Aggregate consumption	2.	Maturity
3.	Investment	3.	Appearance
4.	Inflation rate	4.	Intelligence
5.	Saving by an individual	5.	Beauty

Page No 22:

Question 1:

Complete the following observations:

(i) Statistics means ____________.

(ii) Statistics and economics are ____________.

(iii) The term population refers to ____________.

(iv) Descriptive Statistics means those methods ____________.

ANSWER:

(i) Statistics means quantitative information. That is, statistics takes account of only quantitative data. In other words, statistics is expressed only in numerical terms. On the other hand, the qualitative variables such as tall, reduction, etc. are not considered statistics. For instance, “unemployment has declined” is not a statistical statement. However, “unemployment has declined by 2% during 1997-98” can be termed as a statistical statement.

(ii) Statistics and economics are complementary to each other. Statistics forms the basic tool for understanding and analysing the magnitude and relationship between various economic variables, thereby, helps in the formation of appropriate policies and research. It is only when economic facts are expressed in statistical terms that they become more exact.

(iii) The term population refers to the aggregate of all the units to be studied for an investigation.For example, suppose a survey is conducted to judge the performance of the students in a school. Here, students of the entire school is called the population or universe.

(iv) Descriptive statistics means those methods which are used for the collection, presentation and analysis of data. It consists of all the methods that helps in the estimation of various parameters like averages (mean, median and mode),deviations ( mean deviation, standard deviation) and measures of correlation. for e.g. descriptive statistics is used to know the average marks of a particular class, measuring the variation in the prices of stocks etc.

Page No 22:

Question 2:

Prepare a list of statistical information that you will facilitate comparison of academic performance of your school with others in your neighbourhood.

ANSWER:

To compare the academic performance of your school with other schools in your neighbourhood, the following statistical information would be required:-
 

i) Census of schools providing information about the total number of schools, total number of students in each school, etc. 
ii) Mean marks (in %) of students in each class in each school.
iii) Average marks (in %) for the each of the schools as a whole.
iv) Variation of marks in each class of the school form the average marks for the school as a whole. 
v) Coefficient of variation (at school level and at class level) for each of the schools.

School with the highest mean marks and the lowest coefficient of variation can said to be performing academically better than other school.

Page No 22:

Question 3:

Write two such pairs of statistical variables that show cause and effect relationship with each other.

ANSWER:

The following are two pairs of statistical variables that show ‘cause and effect relationship’ with each other: 

i) Unemployment rate and inflation rate: Unemployment and inflation are negatively related to each other. In other words, with a decrease in unemployment rate, the inflation rate rises and vice-versa. For instance, with the decrease in the unemployment, the income of people increases. This results in an increase in the demand for goods and services, which in turn leads to an increase in the general price level (inflation). 

ii) Wage rate and price level: Wage rate and price level are positively related to each other. In other words, an increase in the general wage rates, results in a rise in the general price level. With an increase in the wage rate of workers, the cost of production increases. To maintain their level of profit margins, the producers pass on this increase in the cost of production to consumers in the form of higher prices.

Double Entry Book Keeping Ts Grewal Vol. II 2019 for Class 12 Commerce Accountancy Chapter 8 - Accounting For Share Capital

Page No 8.113:

Question 1:

Gopal Ltd. was registered with an authorised capital of ₹ 50,00,000 divided into Equity Shares of ₹  100 each . The company offered for public subscription all the shares . Public applied for 45,000 shares and allotment was made to all the applicants. All the calls were made and were duly received except the final call of ₹  20 per share on 500 shares.
Prepare the Balance Sheet of the company showing the different types of share capital.

ANSWER:

Gopal Ltd.
Balance Sheet
Particulars	Note No.	Amount (Rs)
I.  Equity and Liabilities
1. Shareholders’ Funds
a. Share Capital	1	44,99,000
2. Non-Current Liabilities
3. Current Liabilities
Total		44,99,000
II.  Assets
1. Non-Current Assets
2. Current Assets
a. Cash and Cash Equivalents	2	44,99,000
Total		44,99,000

NOTES TO ACCOUNTS

Note No.	Particulars		Amount (Rs)
1	Share Capital
	Authorised Share Capital
	5,00,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each		50,00,000
	Issued Share Capital
	5,00,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each		50,00,000
	Subscribed, Called-up and Paid-up Share Capital
	4,50,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each	45,00,000
	Less: Calls in Arrears (500 shares × Rs 2)	(1,000)	44,99,000
2	Cash and Cash Equivalents
	Cash at Bank		44,99,000

Page No 8.114:

Question 2:

Himmat Ltd has authorised share capital of ₹  50,00,000 divided into 5,00,000 Equity Shares of ₹  10 each . It has existing issued and paid up capital of ₹  5,00,000. It further issued to public 1,50,000 Equity Shares at par for subscription payable as under:

On Application:	₹ 3
On Allotment:	₹ 4 and
On Call:	Balance Amount.

The issue was fully subscribed and allotment was made to all the applicants . Call was made during the year and was duly received.
Show share capital of the company in the Balance Sheet of the Company.

ANSWER:

​

Balance Sheet of Himmat Ltd.
Particulars	Note No.	Amount  (Rs)
I. Equity and Liabilities
1. Shareholders’ Funds
a. Share Capital	1	20,00,000
Total		20,00,000
II. Assets
2. Current Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents	2	20,00,000
Total		20,00,000

 

Notes to Accounts
Particulars		Amount (Rs)
1. Share Capital
Authorised Share Capital
5,00,000 Equity Shares of Rs 10 each		50,00,000
Issued Share Capital
50,000 Equity Shares of Rs 10 each	5,00,000
1,50,000 Equity Shares of Rs 10 each	15,00,000	20,00,000
Subscribed and Paid-up Share Capital
50,000 Equity Shares of Rs 10 each	5,00,000
1,50,000 Equity Shares of Rs 10 each	15,00,000	20,00,000
2. Cash and Cash Equivalents
Bank		20,00,000

Page No 8.114:

Question 3:

Lennova Ltd. has authorised share capital of ₹ 1,00,00,000  divided into 1,00,000 Equity Shares of ₹  100 each . It has existing issued and paid up capital of ₹  25,00,000. It further issued to public 25,000 Equity Shares at a premium of 20% for subscription payable as under:

On Application:	₹ 30
On Allotment:	₹ 60 and
On Call:	Balance Amount.

The issue was fully subscribed and allotment was made to all the applicants . The company did not make the call during the year.
Show share capital of the company in the Balance Sheet of the Company.

ANSWER:

Balance Sheet of Lennova Ltd.
Particulars	Note No.	Amount  (Rs)
I. Equity and Liabilities
1. Shareholders’ Funds
a. Share Capital	1	42,50,000
b. Reserves and Surplus	2	5,00,000
Total		47,50,000
II Assets
2. Current Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents	3	47,50,000
Total		47,50,000

 

Notes to Accounts
Particulars		Amount (Rs)
1. Share Capital
Authorised Share Capital
1,00,000 Equity Shares of Rs 100 each		1,00,00,000
Issued Share Capital
25,000 Equity Shares of Rs 100 each	25,00,000
25,000 Equity Shares of Rs 100 each	25,00,000	50,00,000
Subscribed Share Capital
Subscribed and Fully paid-up
25,000 Equity Shares of Rs 100 each		25,00,000
Subscribed but not fully paid-up
25,000 Equity Shares of Rs 100 each, 70 called-up		17,50,000
2. Reserves and Surplus
Securities Premium Reserve (25,000 shares @ Rs 20 per share)		5,00,000
3. Cash and Cash Equivalents
Bank		47,50,000

Page No 8.114:

Question 4:

Star Ltd. is registered with capital of ₹ 50,00,000 divided into 50,000 equity shares of ₹ 100 each, The Company issued 25,000 equity shares for subscription. Subscription was received for 23,750 shares and all the due amount was duly received, except the first and final call of ₹ 20 per share on 600 shares. Show the 'Share Capital' in the Balance Sheet of the company.

ANSWER:

In the books of Star Ltd. An Extract of Balance Sheet As at ……….
Particulars	Note No.	Amount (₹)
I. Equity And Liabilities Shareholders’ Funds
Share Capital	1	23,63,000

 

Notes to Accounts:
Note No.	Particulars		Amount (₹)
1.	Share Capital
	Authorised Capital
	50,000 equity shares of ₹100 each		50,00,000
	Issued Capital
	25,000 shares of ₹100 each		25,00,000
	Subscribed Capital
	23,750 shares of ₹100 each	23,75,000
	Less: Calls-in-Arrears (600 × 20)	12,000	23,63,000
			23,63,000

Page No 8.114:

Question 5:

Moneyplus company issued 2,50,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 10 each to public. All amounts have been received in lump sum. Pass necessary Journal entries in the books of the company.

ANSWER:

Authorised Capital 2,50,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each

Issued and Subscribed Capital 2,50,000 shares

In the books of Moneyplus Journal
Date	Particulars		L.F.	Debit Amount (₹)	Credit Amount (₹)
	Bank A/c	Dr.		25,00,000
	To Equity Share Application A/c				25,00,000
	(Share application money received for 2,50,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each)
	Equity Share Application A/c	Dr.		25,00,000
	To Equity Share Capital A/c				25,00,000
	(Share application of 2,50,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each transferred to Equity Share Capital Account )

Page No 8.114:

Question 6:

The authorised capital of ₹ 16,00,000 of Bharat Ltd. is divide into 1,60,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 10 each. Out of these shares, 80,000 Equity Shares were issued at par to public for subscription. The full nominal value is payable on application. All the shares were subscribed by the public and total amount was paid for. Pass necessary journal entries in the books of the company.

ANSWER:

Authorised Capital 1,60,000 equity shares of ₹ 10 each

Issued and Subscribed Capital 80,000 equity shares

Books of Bharat Limited Journal
Date	Particulars		L.F.	Debit Amount (₹)	Credit Amount  (₹)
	Bank A/c	Dr.		8,00,000
	To Equity Share Application A/c				8,00,000
	(Share application money received for 80,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 10 each)
	Equity Share Application A/c	Dr.		8,00,000
	To Equity Share Capital A/c				8,00,000
	(Share application of 80,000 shares of ₹ 10 each transferred to Equity Share Capital Accounts)

Page No 8.114:

Question 7:

Hema Ltd. invited applications for 10,000 shares of ₹ 100 each payable as follows:
₹  20 on application, ₹ 30 on allotment, ₹ 20 on first call and the balance on final call.
All the shares were applied and allotted. All the money was duly received.
You are required to Journalise these transactions.

ANSWER:

Issued and Subscribed Capital 10,000 shares of ₹ 100 each
Payable as:
 

₹	20	on application
₹	30	on allotment
₹	20	on first call
₹	30	on final call
	100

 

Books of Hema Limited Journal
Date	Particulars			L.F.	Debit Amount (₹)	Credit Amount (₹)
	Bank A/c	Dr.			2,00,000
	To Share Application A/c					2,00,000
	(Share application money received for 10,000 shares at ₹ 20 per share)
	Share Application A/c	Dr.			2,00,000
	To Share Capital A/c					2,00,000
	(Share application of 10,000 shares of ₹ 20 each transferred to Share Capital)
	Share Allotment A/c	Dr.			3,00,000
	To Share Capital A/c					3,00,000
	(Share allotment due on 10,000 shares at ₹ 30 per share)
	Bank A/c	Dr.			3,00,000
	To Share Allotment A/c					3,00000
	(Share allotment money received for 10,000 Shares at ₹ 30 per share)
	Share First Call A/c	Dr.			2,00,000
	To Share Capital A/c					2,00,000
	(Share first call due on 10,000 shares at ₹ 20 per share)
	Bank A/c	Dr.			2,00,000
	To Share First call A/c					2,00,000
	(Share first call received on 10,000 shares at ₹ 20 per share)
	Share Final Call A/c		Dr.		3,00,000
	To Share Capital A/c					3,00,000
	(Share Final call due on 10,000 shares at ₹30 per shares)
	Bank A/c		Dr.		3,00,000
	To Share Final Call A/c					3,00,000
	(Share final call received on 10,000 shares at ₹ 30 per share)

Page No 8.114:

Question 8:

Marigold Ltd . was registered with the authorized capital of ₹ 3,00,000 divided into 3,000 shares of ₹ 100 each, which were offered to the public . Amount payable as ₹ 30  per share on application , ₹ 40 per share on allotment and ₹ 30 per share on first and final call . These shares were fully subscribed and all money  was dully received . Prepare journal and Cash Book.

ANSWER:

Journal
Date	Particulars		L.F.	Debit Amount (₹)	Credit Amount (₹)
	Share Application A/c	Dr.		90,000
	To Share Capital				90,000
	(Share application money transferred)
	Share Allotment A/c	Dr.		1,20,000
	To Share Capital A/c				1,20,000
	(Share allotment money transferred)
	Share First and Final Call A/c	Dr.		90,000
	To Share Capital A/c				90,000
	(Share first and final call money transferred)

 

Cash Book
Dr.					Cr.
Particulars		Amount (₹)	Particulars	Amount (₹)
Share Application A/c		90,000	Balance c/d	3,00,000
Share Allotment A/c		1,20,000
Share First and Final Call A/c		90,000
		3,00,000		3,00,000

Page No 8.114:

Question 9:

Modern Marbles Ltd. was registered with an authorised capital of ₹10,00,000 divided into 7,500 Equity Shares of ₹  100 each and, 2,500 Preference Shares of ₹100 each. 1,000 Equity Shares and 500; 9% Preference Shares were offered to public on the following terms – Equity Shares payable ₹10 on application, ₹40 on allotment and the balance in two calls of ₹  25 each. Preference Shares are payable ₹ 25 on application, ₹ 25 on allotment and ₹50 on first and final call. All the shares were applied for and allotted . Amount due was duly received. Prepare Cash Book and pass necessary Journal entries to record the above issue of shares and show how the Share Capital will appear in the Balance Sheet.

ANSWER:

Authorised Capital:

Equity Shares 7,500 of ₹ 100 each.

9% Preference Shares 2,500 of ₹ 100 each.

Issued Capital:

Equity Shares 1,000 of ₹ 100 each.

Payable as

₹ 10 on Application

₹ 40 on Allotment

₹ 25 on First Call

₹ 25 on Final Call

Preference Shares 500 of ₹ 100 each.

Payable as

₹ 25 on application

₹ 25 on allotment

₹ 50 on first and final call

Books of Modern Marbles Limited Cash Book
Dr.							Cr.
Date	Particulars	L.F.	Bank (₹)	Date	Particulars	L.F.	Bank (₹)
	Equity Share Application		10,000
	Preference Share Application		12,500
	Equity Share Allotment		40,000
	Preference Share Allotment		12,500
	Equity Share First Call		25,000
	Preference Share First and Final Call		25,000
	Equity Share Final Call		25,000		Balance c/d		1,50,000
			1,50,000				1,50,000

 

Journal
	Particulars		L.F.	Debit Amount (₹)	Credit Amount  (₹)
	Equity Share Application A/c	Dr.		10,000
	To Equity Share Capital A/c				10,000
	(Equity share application of 1,000 shares of ₹ 10 each transferred to Equity Share Capital Account)
	Preference Share Application A/c	Dr.		12,500
	To 9% Preference Share Capital A/c				12,500
	(Preference share applications of 500 shares ₹ 25 each transferred to 9% Preference Share Capital Account)
	Equity Share Allotment A/c	Dr.		40,000
	To Equity Share Capital A/c				40,000
	(Equity share allotment due on 1,000 shares at ₹ 40 each)
	Preference Share Allotment A/c	Dr.		12,500
	To 9% Preference Share Capital A/c				12,500
	(Preference share allotment due on 500 shares at ₹ 25 each)
	Equity Share First Call A/c	Dr.		25,000
	To Equity Share Capital A/c				25,000
	(Equity share first call due on 1,000 shares at ₹ 25 each)
	Preference Share First and Final Call A/c	Dr.		25,000
	To 9% Preference Share Capital A/c				25,000
	(Preference share first and final call due on 500 shares at ₹ 50 each)
	Equity Share Final Call A/c	Dr.		25,000
	To Equity Share Capital A/c				25,000
	(Equity share final call due on 1,000 shares at ₹ 25 each)

Balance Sheet
Particulars	Note No.	Amount (Rs)
I. Equity and Liabilities
1. Shareholders’ Funds
a. Share Capital	1	1,50,000
2. Non-Current Liabilities
3. Current Liabilities
Total		1,50,000
II. Assets
1. Non-Current Assets
2. Current Assets
a. Cash and Cash Equivalents	2	1,50,000
Total		1,50,000

NOTES TO ACCOUNTS

Note No.	Particulars				Amount (Rs)
1	Share Capital
	Authorised Share Capital
	75,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 100 each	7,50,000
	25,000 9% Preference Shares of ₹ 100 each	2,50,000			10,00,000
	Issued Share Capital
	1,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 100 each		1,00,000
	500 9% Preference Shares of ₹ 100 each		50,000		1,50,000
	Subscribed, Called-up and Paid-up Share Capital
	1,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 100 each		1,00,000
	500 9% Preference Shares of ₹ 100 each			50,000	1,50,000
2	Cash and Cash Equivalents
	Cash at Bank				1,50,000